Category Archives: entomology

Legend of the Hatchet Lady

Hatchet Lady Rides

The Legend of the Hatchet Lady: The Ghost Story That Wasn’t

I was about five years old when my brother first told me about the Hatchet Lady. He was twelve years older than I was, and he told the story with all the certainty of someone passing along a secret every kid in Golden seemed to know about Morrison and Red Rocks.

Later that same summer, my parents asked him to babysit me. He wasn’t thrilled. He and his friends planned to sneak into a concert at Red Rocks, then climb the rocks behind the stage afterward. I was expected to tag along.

Standing at the bottom of those towering rocks as dusk settled in, I looked up and decided there was no way I was climbing them. They looked impossible. But if I’m honest, it wasn’t the climb that scared me most.

It was the Hatchet Lady.

They said a woman had been murdered one night at Red Rocks, her head severed by a hatchet. Now her ghost rode through the park on a black horse, cloaked in black and carrying a hatchet, emerging from the Morrison Cemetery as she searched endlessly for her missing head.

Teenagers whispered that if you happened to be sitting in the 13th Row, 13th Seat, especially on Friday the 13th, she was coming for your head to replace her own.

Whether the tale was meant to discourage young couples from parking along the roads at night or simply to frighten children, it worked. The Hatchet Lady became one of Colorado’s enduring ghost stories.

As I grew older, I filed it away as just another campfire tale.

Then, in the fall of 1981, something unexpected happened.

After a vehicle rolled off the sharp curve near the upper entrance to Red Rocks, I was walking a nearby trail when a flash of sunlight caught my eye. Lying in the grass was a MasterCard that had apparently been thrown from the vehicle during the accident. Wanting to return it to its owner, I called the Denver Mountain Parks Police.

Officer Gruninger answered.

After explaining where I had found the card, he asked where I lived so an officer could stop by and pick it up.

When I gave him my address, there was a pause.

“Oh,” he said.

“You live in the Hatchet Lady’s house.”

I honestly thought he was joking.

He wasn’t.

Officer Gruninger explained that he and other Parks Police officers knew the woman who lived there—Mrs. Rockefeller (no relation to the famous family). According to him, she admitted that she sometimes rode her black mare at night wearing a cape pulled high around her shoulders and carrying a hatchet. Her purpose, he said, was to frighten people away from the ranch property she watched over. At the time, the ranch remained agricultural land, and she wanted to discourage late-night visitors from wandering onto the property.

As Officer Gruninger told it, the Parks Police had received enough reports over the years that they eventually connected the stories with the woman on horseback. As he jokingly put it, they had “put two and two together and came up with five.”

Whether every telling of the Hatchet Lady legend can be traced to those nighttime rides, I cannot say. Legends have a way of growing beyond their beginnings. Every storyteller adds another detail. Every generation reshapes the tale.

Years later, word spread that I knew another side of the Hatchet Lady story. A member of a local paranormal society even invited me to breakfast, hoping to hear what I knew. I suspect he was expecting a ghost story. Instead, I told him about Officer Gruninger, Mrs. Rockefeller, a black mare, and one unforgettable telephone conversation.

It wasn’t quite the ending he had hoped for.

Personally…

I like the story even better this way.

Ghosts are common.

Real people who inspire legends are rare.

Whether you believe the Hatchet Lady still rides the roads of Red Rocks is entirely up to you.

As for me, I’ve always found the true stories behind our local legends every bit as fascinating as the legends themselves.

Author’s Note

This account is based on my childhood memories, a conversation with Denver Mountain Parks Police Officer Gruninger in 1981, and my later experiences living in the house associated with Mrs. Rockefeller. Like many local legends, the Hatchet Lady story exists in several versions. This article presents a remembered account of how the legend may have grown from real events.

Timothy Q. Johnson

Welcome

Welcome to a place where landscape meets legacy — a learning space rooted in the towering sandstone of Red Rocks Park in Morrison, Colorado. This site is dedicated to uncovering the layered history and cultural complexity of one of America’s most iconic natural landmarks. As educators, historians, and lifelong learners, we believe Red Rocks is far more than a concert venue. It’s a living classroom.

Here, music is only one voice among many. Long before the amphitheatre was built, this land echoed with the footsteps of Indigenous peoples, the ambitions of settlers, and the far-reaching impact of New Deal programs. We invite you to explore the lesser-known narratives — of visionaries like John B. Walker, of political struggle, forced land condemnation, and the quiet persistence of nature through it all.

Whether you’re a teacher seeking curriculum inspiration, a student with questions, or a curious visitor eager to understand the deeper story, this site offers a space for discovery. Red Rocks is not just a destination. It’s an ongoing conversation about stewardship, history, power, and place.

Thank you for being part of it.

Hemiptera

Class: Insecta

Order: Hemiptera

Family: Cicadidae (cicadas)

Who hits those real high ear-piercing notes that’s a true bug performer and rock and roll star? It’s the Cicada’s rhythmically magical riffs ringing in the day’s hot times. Always a local favorite musical performer here as the boys of Dog-Days Summer. When Large groups of males congregate together to call a Female Mate it’s called, “Chorusing Centers.” The males can sing almost as loud as a concert here at the Red Rocks Amphitheater; well, almost- like between 80 and 100 decibels, where a rock concert can easily exceed 120 decibels.

Cicadas are a family of insects in the Order Hemiptera. Hemipterans are considered the “true bugs”, those with sucking mouthparts.

According to the Colorado State University Extension website, there are several species of cicadas that occur in Colorado. These include the dog day cicadas (Megatibicen species), Putnam’s cicada (Platypedia putnami), the cactus dodger (Cacama valvata), and the mountain cicada (Okanagana bella). In North America, on the Eastern seaboard there are the famous periodical cicadas which are among the longest living insects known and date back to the Jurassic Period. Scientists still don’t know why the timing is so accurate to the 17th yr. and 13 yr. exactly, except that they are all prime numbers. There are six species of periodical cicadas: three 17 yr. and three 13 yr. types. In North America these insects are among the largest reaching lengths of 5 cm with the smallest about half that in size.

Along Bear Creek in Morrison, Colorado and Mt. Vernon Creek next to the Red Rocks appear these Dog-day cicadas every annual Spring and Summer.  Except the life cycles of the so-called annual cicada are not really annual. The emergence of the adult nymph can take between 2 and 5 yrs. All other cicadas from all other biographic regions produce annual broods.

Some Trillion Periodical Cicadas swarmed in this rare 2 Century emergence event in the Spring and Summer of 2024. Any two specific broods of different life cycles dual-emerge only every 221 years: including both these specific broods of the 13 yr. and 17 yr. cycle type. This will occur both in the Northeast with the Northern Illinois and Southeast Great Sothern Brood.

Cicadas will fly up and crawl out to the tips of branches to lay eggs in the end twigs of trees and shrubs thus damaging that small area beyond the point of no return causing its demise and then fall to the ground. The egg develops for around a month before hatching into a larva. When the damaged twig falls onto the ground the hatching nymph crawls under the ground and buries itself. Underground the larvae will find a root (mostly perennials) and using its sucking mouth parts (proboscis) attach itself to the root.

The sole food of the insect nymph comes from liquids flowing in the “plumbing” of a Tree Root and plants living in improved organic soil and can go a long way in explaining why the developmental time is so long for the 17-year variety. Beside a few trace minerals there is very little nutrition in a Tree Root and other plants including the rhizoid on root hairs.

Before the last molt to adulthood, the cicada will climb out of the ground opening little holes too, they crawl up into the natural grass or other plants for cover to shed its final protective casing. Newly emerged cicadas climb up trees and molt into their adult stage, now equipped with wings. In the summer these holes and casings seen (below) are readily observable. The adults live about a month or so around here until the cycle starts all over again.

 

Cicada nymph molt.

While you may not have seen one of these magnificent insects you certainly have heard then. The often-deafening sound that is so high pitched that its ringing becomes a familiar ‘Rock’ tune in the “dog days of summer.” Sometimes leading to crescendos of ear-piercing length seemly inescapable at times when produced by hundreds of cicadas, in the dog-day afternoon, of Tibicen pruinosa (see above).

These high-pitched ringing sounds are produced by the males to woe a Mate by what are called tymbals on the underside of the first abdominal segment. These tymbals are composed of rib like bands that contract and snap due to muscle control. A majority of space in the insect (last thoracic segment and first 5 segments of the abdomen) is a large air sac that acts as a resonator for the sound produced from the tymbals.

Tymbal Photo Courtesy of Colorado State University

Not all cicadas produce sound this way. A few species perform stridulating or wing-banging to produce sounds.

Class: Insecta

Order: Hemiptera

Family: Phymatidae (ambush bugs)

Hard to follow the Cicadas act…then, which ‘true’ bug has the sexy bad boy reputation with the big guns to back it up?

These predacious bugs were once classified with the family Reduviidae (assassin bugs) but recently given family status. Both assassin and ambush bugs, as their name suggests, are voracious predators feeding on all types of arthropods. Reduviidae in the genus Triatoma are vectors of disease (sleeping sickness) among humans.

The Phymatidae (shown above) feeds mainly on bees, wasps (Hymenoptera), flies (Diptera) and of course a miller moth or two. They are stouter than the assassin bugs with enlarged fore limbs for grasping onto their prey. These brightly colored insects prefer flowers of similar or equal color value, such as this “Blazing Star” or Gayfeather (Liatris punctata) to hide in camouflage for an ambush position grasping onto prey as it approaches to feed.

Key Traits:

  • Camouflaged body for hiding among flowers that are the same color value and shape, meaning too look at a Black and White photo next to the yellow camouflage on the bug and the violet Gayfeather flower as it appears close to the same gray scale value or the same one as Bees have trichromatic vision; and don’t see red colors but more on the Ultraviolet side and recognizing a flowers shapes and the Ambush Bug is even positioned to look like the point physically of the blossom also positioned to grab at head or abdominal area of the prey instantly when it lands on the flower
  • Raptorial forelegs built for grasping prey
  • Piercing-sucking mouthparts, like all Hemipterans
  • Known to feed on pollinators, sometimes twice their size

This was written in collaboration with Professor Clark Pearson, PhD. Entomology and Biology, Nevada State University

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